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Wire size, voltage drop, panel load, conduit fill & NEC compliance.

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PANEL LOAD

Circuit Diagram — updates as you type

Longer runs and heavier loads push voltage drop up — the wire gauge below is sized to hold it within limits.

Vd = 2 × K × I × L ÷ CM

1 Circuit Type

2 Electrical Specs

3 Loads

4 Panel Info (Optional)

A
GFCI Protection Required
AFCI Protection Required

5 Cost & Details

Labour Cost

Results

Load Analysis

Total Load—
Current—
VA—
kW—
kWh/day—

Wire Sizing (NEC)

Wire Gauge—
Ampacity—
Conductors—
Ground Wire—

Voltage Drop

Drop—
Max Allowed—
⚠️ Voltage drop exceeds limit. Upsize wire to #AWG.

Conduit Fill

Conduit Size—
Fill Ratio—
Type—

Panel Check

Panel Rating—
Existing Load—
New Load—
Remaining—
⚠️ Panel overloaded! Upgrade topanel.

Breaker & Protection

Breaker Size—
Wire for Breaker—
GFCIRequired ✓
AFCIRequired ✓
Wire Cost—
Conduit Cost—
Panel Cost—
Material Cost—
Labour Cost—

Grand Total—

⚠️ Pre-Export Checklist

  • All loads accounted for
  • Wire gauge verified per NEC 310.15
  • Voltage drop within acceptable limits
  • Conduit fill ≤ 40%
  • Panel capacity sufficient
  • GFCI/AFCI requirements checked
  • Electrical permit obtained
  • Licensed electrician on-site

Professional Electrical Sizing Guide

Show NEC tables, formulas & pro tips ▼

NEC Wire Ampacity Table (THHN, 30°C)

AWGAmpsDiameterWeight/ft
1420A0.0641"0.034 lb
1225A0.0808"0.052 lb
1035A0.1019"0.082 lb
850A0.1285"0.131 lb
665A0.1620"0.207 lb
485A0.2043"0.329 lb
3100A0.2293"0.415 lb
2115A0.2576"0.523 lb
1130A0.2893"0.660 lb

Formulas

Amps = Watts ÷ Voltage (single phase)

Amps (3-phase) = Watts ÷ (Voltage × √3 × PF)

Voltage Drop = (2 × Length × Amps × Resistance) ÷ 1000

V Drop %= (Voltage Drop ÷ Supply Voltage) × 100

Conduit Fill = (Wire Area × Conductors) ÷ Conduit Area × 100

Common Mistakes to Avoid

  • Ignoring voltage drop — over 3% is unacceptable per NEC
  • Using wrong ampacity for temperature — higher temp = derate wire
  • Undersizing ground wire — always match or exceed grounding rules
  • Not GFCI-protecting wet locations (kitchen, bath, outdoor, garage)
  • Mixing wire types in same conduit without derating

Pro Tips

  • Always upsize wire for runs >50 ft to control voltage drop
  • Use #12 AWG minimum for 20A kitchen/bathroom circuits
  • THHN in conduit, NM-B (Romex) in dry residential walls
  • Keep conduit fill under 40% for easy wire pulls
  • Label all circuits at the panel — saves hours of troubleshooting
⚡

Electrical — 3D Preview

Drag to rotate — Scroll to zoom

Type:
Wire:AWG
Voltage:V
Panel:A
Wire Run:
Voltage Drop:%
Legend
Panel
Wire / Conduit
Loads
Ground

Client & Quote (prints on PDF & Excel)

Adjustments (applies to exports)

Contingency is added as a separate line on the exported cost summary. Waste % is printed as an advisory reminder.

Project notes (prints on PDF & Excel)

Result compare (A/B)

Item Pinned Current Change

Saved rates auto-apply from your Price Library. Advanced details stay in your browser — nothing is uploaded except inside your own PDF/Excel exports.

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✅Method, Sources & Review

Maintained by theBuildingCalc methods desk· Last reviewedSeptember 23, 2026. This calculator implements the standards and references below; every figure can be rechecked against the formulas and worked example on this page.

NEC / NFPA 70 3%/5% voltage-drop guidance

Results are estimates, not engineering advice. Verify against local codes and licensed professionals for structural, electrical, and gas work. See ourTerms. Spotted an error? Report it— corrections ship with the next review.